Cultural Experience Reflection Paper - 1292 Words

The experience I pursued for the cultural experience reflection assignment was to focus on immigrant communities around my school. Majority of the students in my school are of Hispanic origin, so this experience gave me a glimpse of the culture of my school s student population. I hear a lot of discrimination, and stereotypes about Hispanics in America through the media, and I think speaking to, conversing, and getting to know the people of that culture altered my opinion greatly. In our times, negative stereotypes exists against certain ethnic groups regarding their cognitive abilities. Unfortunately, Hispanic/Latinos are not immune to these discriminations. These stereotypes generate a standard of thinking that isolates Hispanic/Latinos†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, he said, â€Å"Teachers should attempt to build relationships with their students by asking them about their culture† (Young merchant). I asked him to elaborate more on his thoughts. And he continue d: â€Å"Teachers should include students’ culture into the classroom†. It was clear to me at that point, that this young man was stressing educators should understand their students’ cultural background. By accessing our students’ funds of knowledge, we can help them succeed in the classroom (Egbert Ernst-Slavit, p. 40, 2010). Students who feel welcomed are more likely to excel both academically and socially. In my current placement, my kindergarteners share with me some cultural experiences they have at home, or that they practice in their native country and sometimes they speak in Spanish forgetting that I do not understand their language. I always inquire about their culture, making sure they share with me that which they feel comfortable sharing. I left that merchant and continued to search for other people that I can converse with. I came across a restaurant. I spoke with the cashier; however, the cashier and I had a language barrier. She did not understand my purpose of questioning her. This of course made me feel embarrassed; however, I continued to repeat myself and explain to her that I am here to learn about her culture. After sometime I realized that our conversation was not going anywhere, so IShow MoreRelatedSample Reflection Assignments1243 Words   |  5 Pages195/295) INSTRUCTOR: Richard Schramm Written assignments are of two types: Reflections and Project Reports. Reflections: An essential element for student learning in service-learning courses is written and oral reflections on the field study experience, as well as on other elements of the course. To have an experience isn’t enough to ensure learning; you need to intentionally and thoughtfully reflect upon the experience and what you learned from it to ensure that learning occurs. As T.S. EliotRead MoreYolo1583 Words   |  7 PagesFurthermore, students will have the opportunity to learn and appreciate the cultural heritage that is articulated from each literary text. II. Course Objectives: At the end of the semester, the students should be able to : 1. read and understand representative literary texts from various continents in the world. 2. analyze literary texts using the various approaches in literature. 3. employ critical thinking skills. 4. appreciate the cultural heritage exhibited in each literary piece. 5. acknowledge the literaryRead MoreRole Of Hrm Over The Period Of Tim e1495 Words   |  6 PagesDoherty, 2007) and â€Å"Organisational Culture: An exploratory study comparing faculties’ perspectives within public and private universities in Malaysia† (Ramachandran, Ching and Ismail, 2010). This journal review is concluded by a reflection wherein the scholar expresses his experiences of the task. 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Teams make efforts to achieve the success but not necessarily the success is achieved every time. Within a team every member plays a role to achieve the team’s objectives. These roles add new and important dimensions to interactions

Unit One Business Administration Essay - 639 Words

purpose 1. Identify at least two reasons for producing documents that are fit for purpose. If the documents are incorrect in some way this can have adverse effect on a business and documents can make a significant contribution to the effectness and efficiency of the business. 2. Use the table below to describe some of the different types and styles of documents that are produced in a business environment, and then explain when these different options may be used. Documents When they are used Letters Letters are used to let customers know of changes or asking them to call if necessary Reports When a manager needs a detailed information on the business changes or statistics on†¦show more content†¦Why is this done? To make sure that the document is correct and there is no mistakes. 3. Explain the purpose of following confidentiality and data protection procedures when preparing documents. Because it is requested by law and would be good to the business practice. There`s a legal framework regulates the way that personal information is collected, stored, processed and distributed. Businesses creating and distributing documents rights, confidential information of the individuals must be respected. If the business didn’t they would lose their customers. 4. In business environments, there is often a requirement to use notes as the basis for text and documents. Compare the different types of documents that can be produced from notes and include a description of the format of each document. These would be minutes of meeting, letters and reports. Minutes of meetings have the agenda, who has attended, absences and apologises then there will be the content of what was said in the meeting. Letters they would be on letter headed paper with the customer and business addresses on the subject and the date the letter was written content and signature. Reports would have a front page, contents page and then the pages would have different headings on depending on what the report is about. Explain the procedures to beShow MoreRelatedBusiness Administration Level 2 Unit One Essay3503 Words   |  15 PagesUnit one: Principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. †¢ The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk †¢ Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly †¢ When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference †¢ Then, go to www.vision2learn.com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your MyRead MoreUnit One: Principles of Personal Responsibilities and Working in a Business Environment, Business and Administration3054 Words   |  13 PagesUnit one: Principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. †¢ The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document, either onto your computer or a disk †¢ Then work through your Assessment, remembering to save your work regularly †¢ When you’ve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference †¢ Then, go to www.vision2learn.com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your MyRead MoreBuisness and Administration Level21711 Words   |  7 PagesUnit Title: OCR unit number Sector unit number Level: Credit value: Guided learning hours: Unit expiry date: Principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment 201 TC2-1 2 4 32 31/12/2013 Unit purpose and aim This unit is about understanding employment rights; health, safety and security; how to work with others and how to manage and improve own work in a business environment. 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Implementation of Oracle ERP

Question: Discuss about the Implementation of Oracle ERP. Answer: In this study, the short description of improving the technology of the John Lewis through the implementation of the Oracle ERP has been proposed. The organization was facing issues with the existing system for matching with the increase in sales. As per the Paul Coby, IT director of John Lewis, the seven percent increase in the sales at time of Christmas 2014 was making the organization loose ends of their processes (CIO Interview: Paul Coby, IT Director, John Lewis Partnership). The organization on that time took the decision of incorporating a much better system for adjusting with the increase sales. However, there were numerous vendors that provide information technology solutions. The reasons behind selecting Oracle has been provide separately. The issues that needed to be solved are as following. Inability of the system to support an enormous consumer base is the first in the list because it damaged the organizations image. The system could not track the movement of the product. The migration of data from one website to another is a real challenge to the technical team (John Lewis CIO Paul Coby On Dealing With Oracle And Moving To Devops). The system had customer management system but could not allow the organization to have complete track of the consumer information. The reasons behind selecting the Oracle ERP are as following. The system can provide 360 degree view of the consumer. The security of the system will be unbeatable. The price of the system even lower than SAP. Product management system can be incorporated with the ERP. Description of the Implementation: The Planning work of the implementation of the ERP has been already carried out and the organization is currently working on making the system to control over the business and make the back processes of the business automated. The system will be released sequentially until 2019. In terms of consumer facing objects, the organization uses Oracle ATGs e-commerce platform and Adobe CQ5s content management application. This supports the online business of John Lewis extraordinarily (CIO Interview: RetailS Past A Poor Guide To Future, Says Paul Coby Of John Lewis). A part of technical team, is responsible for developing the system, working on combining the e-commerce platform and content management application so that huge parts of the consumer experience can be controlled. While the oracle will be implemented in the business, more than sixty individual systems will be cut loose from IT infrastructure of John Lewis. The part of team that is full of mobile application developers is working on creating an application that will allow the consumers to access the online store of John Lewis through the mobile device. The mobile application infrastructure will be associated with the internal IT infrastructure of John Lewis (John Lewis CIO Paul Coby On Dealing With Oracle And Moving To Devops). Because of the new developed system the organization hit one billion sales in fifty two weeks that broke the record of John Lewis made in 2012 after developing website. Recommendation: Keeping the upper management support constant: The upper management support is crucial for any ERP implementation project. John Lewis must maintain the support of the upper management completely on the implementation of the ERP. It is obvious that through the whole implementation process the technical team may face various obstacles and fail at some activates. It is the responsibility of Paul to make the upper management understand the situation and make the believe that final outcome will be much more effective than current system. Making the application supportive to all types of smart phone system: It is the responsibility of Paul to recognize the importance of engaging all types of mobile phone users. It will foolish to think that the android or apple users will be enough for the business. The mobile application development team must develop the application differently for various platforms. This way John Lewis can hold on to the entire consumer base of the online retail industry. Customization in terms of customer: The mobile application is capable of collecting the information of the consumer that no other application can allow John Lewis to have. Through the mobile application, the organizations can acquire the list of contacts, the social life of the consumer, locations and many more. Therefore, it is crucial for Paul to create a mobile application that can acquire as much information possible to gather from the mobile of the user. Testing: It is one of the most crucial parts of the ERP implementation project. The technical team must test the system with all the possible ways. The record/playback methodology must be used for recording the manual testing process and playing back the recorded strips. Works Cited CIO Interview: Paul Coby, IT Director, John Lewis Partnership. 19 February 2015. 23 November 2016. Access at: https://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240240684/CIO-interview-Paul-Coby-IT-director-John-Lewis-Partnership CIO Interview: RetailS Past A Poor Guide To Future, Says Paul Coby Of John Lewis. 2016 March 2016. 23 November 2016. Access at: https://www.computerweekly.com/news/450280155/CIO-interview-Retails-past-a-poor-guide-to-future-says-Paul-Coby-of-John-Lewis John Lewis CIO Paul Coby On Dealing With Oracle And Moving To Devops. 26 May 2016. 23 November 2016. Access at: https://www.computing.co.uk/ctg/interview/2459518/john-lewis-cio-paul-coby-on-dealing-with-oracle-and-moving-to-devops

The Business and Cultural Practices of Japan

Introduction The rising rate of globalization has led to business activities to be a global affair. It is because of this globalization that any entrepreneur who wants to beat the global competition should familiarize themselves with the customs, norms and practices of the different countries they do business with. It is also important that the business protocol, communication and etiquette are put into consideration.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Business and Cultural Practices of Japan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This becomes of essence due to the increased travelling in terms of doing business (Lipartito 32). Japan is no exception since it is one of the industrial countries in the world. Most countries of the world import most products from Japan because of her good reputation and the high quality products she produces. Japan’s economy is also at the top competing with countries like the United States of America which are known to be doing well economically worldwide. Geographic Description of Japan Population Japan has a population of 126,804,433 and is ranked 10th among all other countries in the world. Japans life expectancy is 82 years, but its population’s growth rate is declining at 0.242%. 66% of the total population lives in an urban area, and 99% both male and female are literate. GDP Japan is the third largest economy in the world after the United States and China. Its GDP (purchasing power parity) is $4.137 trillion and ranked 4th in the world. Japan entered into recession in 2008, its GDP – real growth rate is currently declining at rate of 5.3% and its GDP per capita is at $32,600. Its labor force is composed of 65.93 million and its unemployment rate is 5.1%. Political Orientation Japan government is parliamentary with a constitutional monarchy. It legal system is modeled after the European civil law systems with English-Americ an influence. Japans chief of state is Emperor Akihito, he has been in this position since January 1989. In June 4th of this year the National Diet of Japan also known as the bicameral legislature appointed Naoto Kan as prime minister, he is considered to be the head of government. Following legislative elections the leader of the majority party usually becomes prime minister; the monarchy is hereditary. Major Products Produced Japan is famous in the world for producing vehicles, electronics textiles and machinery. Others include fully processed food commodities, big vessels like ships just to mention but a few. It is known to be the largest exporter of the same products. Other significant facts Japan is located in eastern Asia, in a chain of islands between the North Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Japan. Its area can be compared as slightly smaller than the state of California. In 1941 Japan attacked the United States, this initiated Americas entry into World War II. When Japan los t in the Second World War it regained its strength and has become one of the most important economic powers in the world.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For more than a decade Japan has been one of the most important markets overseas for the United States. Japan supplies many important products to firms such as Apple, IBM and Hewlett-Packard. Japan also plays a major role in UN peacekeeping operations, humanitarian relief and also in international election monitoring (Griffin 56). Japan’s Business Practices Japan is currently going through major human resources management changes. Traditional culturally influenced Japanese business practices are slowly shifting to more westernized business practices. To globally compete, many Japanese companies feel that they must not let cultural barriers continue to hinder Japan’s economical performance. However, re gardless of where Japanese business practices are headed in the future, cultural values and norms still highly influence Japan’s common business practices. Building business relationships in Japan is a business practice highly influenced by societal values and norms. Writing a letter of introduction, calling, or showing up uninvited to a firm is considered impolite and disrespectful. â€Å"One of the best ways of initiating a viable business relationship in Japan is to obtain a letter of introduction (shokaijo) from an introducer. A good introducer is a person respected and trusted by both parties involved. While these types of culturally influenced business practices are slowly fading from Japanese business philosophies, they are still recognized as polite ways of doing business. Japan’s highly relationship-oriented business practices go beyond initiating business, it is also noticeable in the way Japanese negotiate contractual terms and handle conflicts. Typical Jap anese negotiators are more concerned with reaching a general agreement and building a trusting relationship than specific contractual terms. Furthermore, Japanese business practices for conflict resolution are similar to the way they do other business practices. The Japanese prefer to settle business issues out of court through mutual consultation and mediation because most of the time, they have built a trusting relationship with the businessperson and would not want to be rude. Another business practice in Japan is the use of a lifetime employment system. The vast majority of companies in Japan still have this type of employment system where employees implicitly agree to work with the company for the duration of their career (MOFA 10). The Japanese lifetime employment system pays and promotes individuals based on a seniority system. Employees not performing to standard are moved to â€Å"easier† positions rather than being fired.Advertising We will write a custom resea rch paper sample on The Business and Cultural Practices of Japan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Outright firing of an employee would not traditionally be considered an option within Japanese organizations. However, with increasing globalization demands and the downturn of the economy, the lifetime employment and seniority systems are beginning to fade as more Japanese companies switch to performance-based payment and promotion options. While there are some advantages to the lifetime employment and seniority system, many Japanese companies are finding that they cannot compete without performance incentives. A lifetime employment system is advantageous because it promotes employee loyalty by providing job security. Furthermore, this system allows employees to build lasting relationships with supervisors and colleagues. However, Japanese companies have begun to switch from this philosophy to a more performance based, westernized employ ment system. Promotions and salaries are increasingly becoming performance-based rather than based on seniority. Japanese business practices are highly related to their cultural beliefs and societal norms. However, globalization and the demand from other countries wanting to enter Japan’s markets, cultural influences are slowly fading away. Westernized business philosophies are creeping their way into Japan’s common business practices and will more than likely continue to shape the future of Japanese business practices. Hofstede’s dimensions in evaluating Japan’s cultural values Japan has somewhat a unique culture. Their culture is dramatically different from other Asian cultures, such as ones of China, Hong Kong, and Korea (Gross 1). For an organization to succeed in Japan one should be loyal and have a good relationship with the people around. Based on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, Japan’s lowest ranking factor is Individualism. They are more of a collectivist culture, which means that they value working in groups, as opposed to individually. The group, rather than the individual, is the fundamental unit of concern in businesses in Japan. People of Japan are very sociable, and place a great deal of importance upon the opinions of others. They work for intrinsic rewards, and harmony is considered more important than honesty Japan is pretty much right in the middle of the power distance index which is used to indicate the extent to which differences between people is perceived (Nishiyama 4). Therefore, some inequality and some equality exist between people in Japan. There are moderate gaps in authority, respect, and compensation.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The highest characteristic of Japan is that they strongly value. Masculinity versus femininity indicates how the roles of male and females are perceived. Since Japan has a very high Masculinity score, women’s values differ less among societies than men’s values. Also, people in Japan value assertiveness and competitiveness, as opposed to more modest and caring values that are more common among countries that are feminine (Smith 1). Japan also has a very high Uncertainty Avoidance Index. The UAI deals with how much a culture tolerates risk. Since Japan’s UAI is very high, this means that they try to avoid risky situations as much as possible. The members of Japan’s society feel uncomfortable when placed in novel, unknown, surprising, or just different from usual situations (Gorill 1). The corporate culture of Japan is very formal. They try to reduce the chances of amorphous situations by implementation of very laws and rules that are strict. The Japanese p eople tend to be very emotional and can be easily motivated unlike in other countries. Therefore any entrepreneur who would prefer to start a business in Japan needs to be very prepared and able to predict the outcome of the enterprise. Lastly, Japan’s culture has a high long-term orientation in terms of delivering its services to the population of Japan and the entire world. Their education systems favor this orientation together with the ethics they have in doing work. Comparison of Japan’s Practices to those of United States Business practices US managers often express leadership abilities and competence by dominating group discussions, whereas Japanese managers demonstrate leadership by silence. Japanese managers often encourage subordinates to participate and come up with acceptable solutions. In a business meeting, being silent has different meaning between United States and Japan. In United States, if a person does not talk during a meeting or conversation, that person expresses inability to communicate. Whereas in Japan, being silence indicates the person is thinking or increased conversation would oppose to harmonious (William 2). When American businesspeople arrive for a meeting, they first exchange some pleasantries, then get down to business, and follow by a well planned agenda that has been sent out to each party prior to the meeting (Dietterich 1). For Japan, the first meeting focuses on whether each party can trust each other rather than working on planned agenda. When Japanese say yes during a contract negotiation, it means â€Å"yes, I understand what is being said†. American often interprets them as â€Å"Yes, I agree with you†, so there are two different interpretations of the word yes. Hospitality is quite important in Japanese business culture. In order to build personal bonds and group harmony among participants, fancy meals and after hours entertainment are required. In United States, when executives are havin g a meal with the clients in fancy restaurants, this means they are showing their status and clout. In Japan, when organizations encounter bad news, it will informally communicate through one team member to another team member, whereas in the states, bad new will be delivered as soon as possible to the person in charge (Angelucci 2). In a union negotiation, US labor agreement is actually negotiated between a firm and a union through enforcement by the court of law. In addition, negotiations are relatively formal. On the other hand, collective bargaining is very rare in Japan, Unions and management always work together to come up with a mutual benefit. The Japanese hostile confrontation, disputes are settled through mutual agreement. Culture Practices Education in the States is quite different than Japan. In the States, primary and secondary schools guide the individuals to build up self reliance, creativity, and self esteem. In Japan, primary and secondary schools focus on preparing students to take a college entrance exam. Low context cultures include United States, â€Å"the speaker explicitly conveys the speaker’s message to the listener.† A high context cultures such as Japan, the words spoken require â€Å"cultural clues in order to understand what is being said. Western country manages stress differently. In United States, Executives would encounter moderate stress and are able to manage stress effectively, whereas the Japanese would encounter very high levels of stress and encounter difficulties in managing stress. Five basic needs of physiological, security, social, self esteem, and self actualization from Abraham Maslow are all important for Japan and United States’ culture (The World Factbook 32). Conclusion From the above discussion it can therefore be concluded that the Japan’s business and cultural practices are worth being familiarized because of the economical benefit it has to the entire world. However, Japan as a c ountry is trying to eliminate any barriers that may arise to cause hindrance to the global market. Even though the United States is the world’s super power, it can be deduced that the two countries work hand in hand because of the similar business practices and the fact that Japan is one of the most industrious country in the world. Works Cited Angelucci, Marc. â€Å"Hofstede’s Dimensions on Cultural Practices†. 2010- August 4, 2010. http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_japan.shtml Dietterich, Tea. â€Å"China-Cultural Awareness and Etiquette Training.† 2002-August 4, 2010. http://www.2m.com.au/country.php East Southeast Asia. â€Å"Japan CIA – The World Fact book.† 2009-August 4, 2010. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html. Gorill, Jodie. â€Å"Japanese Social and Business Culture.† 2007- August 4, 2010. http://www.communicaid.com/%5Ccross-cultural-training%5Cculture-for-business-and-management% 5Cdoing-business-in%5CJapanese-business-and-social-culture.php Griffin, Ricky. International business. Pearson Prentice Hall 6th edition, 2010.Print Gross, Anchw. â€Å"Trends in Human Resource Practices in Japan†. 1998- August 4, 2010. http://www2.pittstate.edu/mgmkt/culture.html Japan’s Contribution to UN Peacekeeping Operations. â€Å"Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA)†. 2005-August 4, 2010 http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/un/pko/pamph2005.html Lipartito, Kaiya. â€Å"Culture and the Practice of Business History.† 1995- August 4, 2010.  http://www2.hnet.msu.edu/~business/bhcweb/publications/†¦/p0001-p0042.pdf Nishiyama, Kaiya. â€Å"Doing Business With Japan: Successful Strategies for Intercultural Communication†.2000- August4, 2010. http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newLDR_66.htm Smith, Ethel. â€Å"The importance of understanding cultural Differences in business.† 2002- August 4, 2010. http://www.helium.com/knowledge/70 551-the-importance-of-understanding-cultural-differences-in-business Tulshyan, Ruchika. â€Å"The world’s qurky cultural practices.† 2010- August 4, 2010. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35986024/ Wells, Christopher. â€Å"Exercise In Cross-Cultural Negotiations in Japan.† 1996- August 4, 2010. http://www2.gol.com/users/cpwells/Negot.html William, Melinda. â€Å"Cultural Awareness and Business Etiquette in the Global Marketplace.† 2007- August 4, 2010. http://www.aiaa.org/documents/myaiaa/workshop/Cultural_Awareness.ppt This research paper on The Business and Cultural Practices of Japan was written and submitted by user Elloe Kaifi to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.